Introduction Candlelight glows through the carved face of a jack-o'-lantern. Halloween, also called All Hallows' Eve, takes place on 31 October. It is a time when people dress up in costumes, go trick-or-treating and carve jack-o'-lanterns from hollowed-out pumpkins. Several ancient festivals held in the autumn helped create the holiday that exists today. Origins of the Holiday In ancient times, the holiday was marked by customs started by pagans, who were people who did not believe in one god. It was believed that on the last night of October, the spirits of the dead roamed the Earth. To scare them away, the pagans lit bonfires. In ancient Rome the festival of Pomona, the goddess of fruits and gardens, occurred at about this time of year. This festival was associated with the harvest of food crops, and nuts and apples were roasted before huge bonfires as part of the celebration. However, this festival also had an evil aspect to it because ghosts and witches were thoug...